Morphology Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Morphology - Assignment Example In Arabic the future tense is formed by adding the prefix ‘sa’ to the imperfect verb, ie. sa + ya’kulu â€Å"He will eat†. b) infixation: a morphological process whereby a bound morpheme is added within a stem or root word. An affix is added within a root word and forms a new word with a different meaning. Although English utilizes many prefixes and suffixes it does not evidence infixes except in slang wherein a curse word may be inserted, ie. ‘abso +bloomin + lutely’ . Evidence of infixes: Siouan cheti ‘to build a fire’ – che + wa – ti ‘I build a fire and shuta ‘to miss’ – shu + un + ta ‘we miss’ (Sapir, 2004, p. 57) c) compounding: a morphological process whereby two or more free lexemes are combined to form a new word. Each lexeme can function in its own right and can be attributed to any lexical category. English uses lexemes from many different lexical categories to form numerous different English compounds, ie. ‘cross + roads’ (N + N), ‘over + dose’ (Prep + N), ‘stir + fry’ (V + V). ... ‘present’, ‘conflict’, ‘insult’; a very productive process in English (McIntyre, 2000) Question 2: a) total reduplication: any linguistic unit, ie. phoneme, word, phrase, clause, utterance or morpheme that is repeated in total, ie. ‘bye-bye’ (childish way of saying goodbye) – both grammatically and semantically important; generally categorized as either at the semantic/content level or the expression level, ie. Kashmiri: ‘shur’ shur’ ‘children children’ (expression level for emphasis (optional)), ‘jaan jaan’ ‘good good’ (expression level for plurality (obligatory)), ‘vuzIvuzI’ ‘desire’ (semantic level), ‘tharItharI’ ‘trembling’ (semantic level) (Koul, 1977). b) partial duplication: a form that is repeated in part as in ‘helter-skelter’, or ‘teenie- weenie’; Malay: reduplication indicates a à ¢â‚¬Ëœcontinuous process and the progressive form† (Nadarajan, p.42) by reduplicating the base after adding a prefix ‘ber’, ie. (ber) + base + root as in ‘ketuk’ ‘peck, ‘ber +ketuk’ ‘to peck’, ‘ber + ketuk + ketuk’ ‘keeps pecking / is pecking / pecks’ (Nadarajan, p.42). c) coordinative compound: when words have more than one (usually two) lexemes that have equal standing as in ‘bitter-sweet’; a compound is coordinate when it comprises two elements from the same lexical category and are co-hyponyms (Renner, 2008); English coordinate compounds include N + N ‘hunter + gatherer’, Adj + Adj ‘manic + depressive’ and V + V ‘sleep + walk’ (Renner, 2008) d) derivation: a morphological process whereby a derivational suffix is added that changes the meaning of the word and the word class as in ‘act + ion’, ‘cheer + ful + ness’, or when a prefix is added and only the